pre - Raphaelites -renaissance

the renaissance was a cultural movement that started in Italy in the late middle ages and then spread out to the whole of Europe and lasted till the 17th century.
it was the development of linear perspective, a more natural reality in paintings. this became a gradual but widespread educational reform and is still taught today. it used strict rules of compositions marking to thirds so the painting became ridged and and staged normally having a religious figure being the centre of perspective.
they worked out using these rules from a device called the camera obcsura this worked as an eye and flipped the image but also used grid lines. this was the same time as divinchi.